apt update
apt upgrade -y
apt dist-upgrade -y
apt autoclean
apt autoremove -y

Step2. Change repo

apt install ubuntu-release-upgrader-core

cat /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades | grep lts

do-release-upgrade -d

Step3. Update System

apt update
apt upgrade -y
apt dist-upgrade -y

Step4. Clean up old repos

apt autoclean
apt autoremove -y

Step5. Reboot

reboot

Link：https://u.sb/ubuntu-upgrade/

Ubuntu 22.04 LTS这是一个长期支持版本，它将被支持五年，直到2027年4月。已发布的LTS版本带来了一些新的功能。如果你正在使用Ubuntu 20.04 LTS，你会注意到许多视觉上的变化。

当然作为国内用户首要任务安装完成之后首要任务就是更改ubuntu 22.04的镜像/软件源。

国内有很多Ubuntu 22.04的镜像源，包括阿里、网易，还有很多教育网的镜像源，比如清华源、中科大源。

在教程中我们将介绍如何更改镜像在ubuntu 22.04。国内的包括有镜像阿里云/163源/清华大学/中科大。

首先我们需要先备份Ubuntu官方的软件源，执行以下命令将备份原来的软件源。

sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

清华大学镜像

复制以下命令即可一键切换到清华大学ubuntu 22.04镜像：

sudo bash -c “cat < /etc/apt/sources.list && apt update deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse

1. deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
2. deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
3. deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
4. deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse EOF”

163镜像

复制以下命令即可一键切换到163 ubuntu 22.04镜像：

sudo bash -c “cat < /etc/apt/sources.list && apt update deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse EOF”

阿里云镜像

复制以下命令即可一键切换到阿里云 ubuntu 22.04镜像：

$ sudo apt-get install \ apt-transport-https \ ca-certificates \ curl \ gnupg2 \ lsb-release \ software-properties-common

$ curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/raspbian/gpg | sudo apt-key add –

1. 官方源
2. $ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/raspbian/gpg | sudo apt-key add –

然后，我们需要向 sources.list 中添加 Docker 软件源：

$ sudo add-apt-repository \ “deb [arch=armhf] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/raspbian \ $(lsb_release -cs) \ stable”

1. 官方源
2. $ sudo add-apt-repository \
3. “deb [arch=armhf] https://download.docker.com/linux/raspbian \
4. $(lsb_release -cs) \
5. stable”

系统要求：支持Debian、Ubuntu、CentOS系统。 运行以下命令：

<span class="hljs-attribute">wget</span> https://www.moerats.com/usr/down/sshport.sh
bash sshport.sh

输入端口确认。再打开防火墙端口：

<span class="hljs-comment">#如果防火墙使用的iptables（Centos 6），修改端口为8080</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute">iptables</span> -I INPUT -p tcp --dport <span class="hljs-number">8080</span> -j ACCEPT
service iptables save
service iptables restart
<span class="hljs-comment">#如果使用的是firewall（CentOS 7）</span>
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=<span class="hljs-number">8080</span>/tcp --<span class="hljs-literal">permanent</span> 
firewall-cmd --reload

最后重启ssh生效：

<span class="hljs-meta">#</span>
<span class="bash">CentOS系统</span>
service sshd restart
<span class="hljs-meta">#</span>
<span class="bash">Debian/Ubuntu系统</span>
service ssh restart

原文链接： https://www.moerats.com/archives/394/

<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">cp</span> /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

改文件:
————————————————
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu-ports jammy main restricted
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu-ports jammy universe
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu-ports jammy multiverse
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-security main restricted
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-security universe
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-security multiverse
————————————————

换DNS(很重要) sudo vim /etc/resolv.conf ————————————————

1. This is /run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf managed by man:systemd-resolved(8).
2. Do not edit.
4. This file might be symlinked as /etc/resolv.conf. If you’re looking at
5. /etc/resolv.conf and seeing this text, you have followed the symlink.
7. This is a dynamic resolv.conf file for connecting local clients to the
8. internal DNS stub resolver of systemd-resolved. This file lists all
9. configured search domains.
11. Run “resolvectl status” to see details about the uplink DNS servers
12. currently in use.
14. Third party programs should typically not access this file directly, but only
15. through the symlink at /etc/resolv.conf. To manage man:resolv.conf(5) in a
16. different way, replace this symlink by a static file or a different symlink.
18. See man:systemd-resolved.service(8) for details about the supported modes of
19. operation for /etc/resolv.conf.

nameserver 114.114.114.114 options edns0 trust-ad search lan ————————————————

curl -sL yabs.sh | bash -s — -i wget -qO- bench.sh | bash curl -Lso- bench.sh | bash

测速：

bash <(curl -Lso- https://git.io/superspeed.sh) bash <(curl -Lso- http://yun.789888.xyz/speedtest.sh)

流媒体检查：

bash <(curl -L -s check.unlock.media) bash <(curl -L -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/lmc999/RegionRestrictionCheck/main/check.sh) bash <(curl -sSL "https://github.com/CoiaPrant/MediaUnlock_Test/raw/main/check.sh“)

BBR一键脚本

wget -N –no-check-certificate “https://raw.githubusercontent.com/chiakge/Linux-NetSpeed/master/tcp.sh” && chmod +x tcp.sh && ./tcp.sh

BBR手动开启

#首先先更新下系统，然后安装依赖组建：

apt-get update apt-get update && apt-get install -y wget curl #之后开启原生BBR：

echo “net.core.default_qdisc=fq” >> /etc/sysctl.conf echo “net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=bbr” >> /etc/sysctl.conf sysctl -p #检测是否正常开启BBR：

sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_available_congestion_control lsmod | grep bbr

回程路由：

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nanqinlang-script/testrace/master/testrace.sh bash testrace.sh wget -qO- git.io/besttrace | bash

宝塔无需手机登录：

echo “{\”uid\”:1000,\”username\”:\”admin\”,\”serverid\”:1}” > /www/server/panel/data/userInfo.json

ubuntu 关闭防火墙

关闭ubuntu的防火墙 ufw disable 开启防火墙 ufw enable 卸载iptables apt-get remove iptables 关闭ubuntu中的防火墙的其余命令 iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -F

iptables转发

wget -qO natcfg.sh http://arloor.com/sh/iptablesUtils/natcfg.sh && bash natcfg.sh wget -N –no-check-certificate https://zhujiget.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/brook-pf.sh && chmod +x brook-pf.sh && ./brook-pf.sh

服务器开启root登陆

echo root:新密码 |sudo chpasswd root sudo sed -i ‘s/^#\?PermitRootLogin./PermitRootLogin yes/g’ /etc/ssh/sshd_config; sudo sed -i ‘s/^#\?PasswordAuthentication./PasswordAuthentication yes/g’ /etc/ssh/sshd_config; sudo service sshd restart

安装docker

安装 curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh 卸载docker sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine rm -fr /var/lib/docker/

挂载

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc mkdir /d mount /dev/sdc /d chmod -R 777 /d

Basic installation This installation will automatically create a user named “mumble-server” which will be used to run the Mumble server.

sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install mumble-server Now we have to set some basic configuration options.

sudo dpkg-reconfigure mumble-server This will give you some configuration choices:

1. Select “Yes” to autostart mumble-server on server boot.
2. Select “Yes” to allow the mumble-server to use higher priority. This is not essential, but generally recommended for optimal performance.
3. Enter the password for the SuperUser account. This will be used when managing the server from the Mumble client.

Additional configuration

sudo nano /etc/mumble-server.ini

Here you can change the more advanced options for the actual server. All other options can be configured from the Mumble client using the SuperUser login that we setup a password for earlier.

Some recommended changes to consider:

Uncomment the autoban related lines below for some added security. Uncomment and change the “registerName” line. This will be the server name displayed on top of the channel hierarchy. By default, it is named “Root” – but a custom name usually looks better. Some additional options that you may want to change:

“users” – If you want to limit or increase the default of 100. “port” – If for some reason you would rather not run on the default of 64738. “welcometext” – This message is displayed when someone connects to the server. It accepts basic HTML code. When you’re done configuring your options, restart the Mumble server:

sudo service mumble-server restart

Open firewall ports If you use UFW, then it’s very easy. If you’re not sure, run the command ufw status. You will see a printout similar to “Status: active” when UFW is running. In this case, run the command below to open the required firewall port.

sudo ufw allow 64738 Otherwise, it is assumed that you’re using iptables. You can use these commands for iptables:

iptables -A INPUT -p udp –dport 64738 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p udp –sport 64738 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 64738 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –sport 64738 -j ACCEPT That’s all! You will now be able to connect with the SuperUser username and the password you set, and manage your channel using the Mumble client.

reference source:

https://github.com/sudoforge/docker-mumble-server

https://www.shells.com/l/en-US/tutorial/Install-Mumble-Server-%28Murmur%29-on-your-Ubuntu-Shell%E2%84%A2

https://www.unixmen.com/install-mumble-server-ubuntu/

https://installati.one/ubuntu/20.04/mumble-server/

apt-cache search linux|grep linux-image

选择所需要的内核版本进行安装，安装内核需要安装image和header，例如：

apt-get install linux-image-4.4.0-58-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-58-generic

重启，按ESC进入选择菜单，选择高级选项，选择所需要的内核版本启动系统

2. 内核卸载 当我们安装软件时，如果boot空间已满系统会报：

gzip: stdout: No space left on device E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1

如使用如下命令查看boot空间，可发现boot空间已满，这时就需要卸载多余的内核。

df -h

卸载方法：

首先查看当前使用的内核版本： uname -a

正在使用的内核是无法删除的，我们可以删除其他内核. 查询目前系统中存在的内核版本：

dpkg –get-selections | grep linux-image

使用以下命令卸载当前未使用的多余内核：

sudo apt-get remove linux-image-unsigned-4.15.0-107-generic linux-hearders-4.15.0-107-generic

这时再查看目前系统中存在的内核：

dpkg –get-selections | grep linux-image

会发现卸载的内核变成啦deinstall

但这个时候还没有完全删除干净，使用命令：

sudo dpkg -P linux-image-unsigned-4.15.0-107-generic linux-hearders-4.15.0-107-generic

再使用查询命令，会发现其余内核被彻底删除了，boot空间也被释放出来啦

原文链接： https://thesouther.github.io/myNotes/problems/ubuntu_del_core.html

在服务器上部署 Docker Debian 安装 Docker：https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/debian/

Ubuntu 安装 Docker：https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/

拉取 syncthing 镜像

docker pull syncthing/syncthing

运行容器 docker run -d -p 8384:8384 -p 22000:22000 -v /data/syncthing:/var/syncthing –restart=always syncthing/syncthing:latest

参数解释：

-d：后台运行 -p 8384:8384： 暴露 8384 端口，8384 是 Web 界面端口 -p 22000:22000：暴露 22000 端口，22000 是通讯端口 -v /data/syncthing:/var/syncthing：映射文件夹，将备份的文件映射至宿主机的/data/syncthing 目录下 –restart=always：容器随着 Docker 的启动而启动 syncthing/syncthing:latest：镜像版本

如果你购买的服务器有控制面板，需要在控制面板开放8384（TCP）和22000（TCP 和 UDP 都要开）

至此，syncthing 已经部署到了服务器上，下一步我们只需要在本地也启动一个 syncthing，与服务器进行实时同步即可。

syncthing 下载地址：https://syncthing.net/downloads/

sudo apt update
sudo apt install xrdp

Step 2 – Install XFCE4

sudo apt install xfce4
sudo apt-get install xfce4-terminal tango-icon-theme

Step 3 – Configure

echo xfce4-session > ~/.xsession

Step 4 – Restart xRDP

sudo service xrdp restart

Step 5 – Testing

On Windows PC, use mstsc to connect to the ubuntu server